Side Effects Of ARVs That Many Do not Know

Antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) are essential for managing HIV, helping to suppress the virus and improve the quality of life. However, while many people are aware of common side effects like nausea, headaches, and fatigue, there are lesser-known side effects that can also impact individuals taking these medications. Here are some of them:......CONTINUE READING THE ARTICLE FROM THE SOURCE>>>>>

1. Fat Redistribution (Lipodystrophy)
Some ARVs can cause changes in body fat distribution. This includes fat loss in the face, arms, and legs (lipoatrophy) or fat accumulation in the abdomen, neck, and breasts. This side effect can affect self-esteem and body image.

2. Mental Health Issue

Certain ARVs, particularly those containing efavirenz, have been linked to depression, anxiety, vivid dreams, hallucinations, and mood swings. These psychological effects can impact daily life and mental well-being.

3. Liver Toxicity (Hepatotoxicity)

ARVs are processed through the liver, and long-term use can lead to liver damage, especially in people with preexisting liver conditions. Signs of liver problems include yellowing of the skin (jaundice), dark urine, and abdominal pain.

4. Bone Density Loss

Some ARVs, particularly tenofovir-based drugs, have been associated with reduced bone mineral density, increasing the risk of osteoporosis and fractures. This is a concern, especially for older patients.

5. Kidney Damage

Certain ARVs can affect kidney function, leading to kidney disease or failure over time. Regular kidney function tests are necessary for people on long-term ARV treatment to monitor potential damage.

6. Cardiovascular Risks

Some ARVs may increase cholesterol and triglyceride levels, raising the risk of heart disease and high blood pressure. Maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle is crucial for managing these risks.

7. Peripheral Neuropathy

This condition, characterized by tingling, numbness, or burning sensations in the hands and feet, is a potential side effect of some older ARVs. It can be painful and impact mobility.

8. Skin Rashes and Allergic Reactions

Certain ARVs can cause severe skin reactions, such as Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, a rare but life-threatening condition that causes blistering and peeling of the skin.

Conclusion

While ARVs are life-saving, they come with potential side effects that many people may not be aware of. Regular medical check-ups, healthy lifestyle choices, and discussing any unusual symptoms with a healthcare provider can help manage and minimize these risks.